Menopause: Hormonal Changes and Modern Treatment Approaches
Keywords:
menopausal transition, menopause, estrogen deficiencyAbstract
The menopausal transition is a natural stage in a woman’s reproductive aging, accompanied by complex neuroendocrine changes and the development of clinical symptoms of varying severity. The relevance of this topic stems from the high prevalence of menopausal disorders, which significantly impact the quality of life, work capacity, and health status of middleaged women. The aim of this review is to analyze current data on hormonal changes occurring during the menopausal transition, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of existing medical treatment methods. The review examines the characteristics of changes in the secretion of estrogens, folliclestimulating hormone, anti-Müllerian hormone, and inhibin B, as well as changes in the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitaryovarian axis and their role in the development of vasomotor, psychoemotional, and urogenital disorders. Modern approaches to the management of menopausal symptoms are presented, including menopausal hormone therapy, non-hormonal treatment methods, and lifestyle modifications. The analysis conducted indicates the need for a personalized approach to the management of women during the menopausal transition, taking into account clinical characteristics, risk factors, and the individual needs of patients.
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