Morphological Basis Of Mammary Gland Differentiation In Rat Offspring Under Conditions Of Impaired Thyroid Functional Activity
Keywords:
Thyroid gland, hypothyroidism, mammary gland differentiationAbstract
The thyroid gland plays a crucial role in regulation of metabolic, endocrine, and developmental processes within the mammalian organism. Thyroid hormones significantly influence tissue differentiation, cellular proliferation, hormonal balance, and morphofunctional maturation of reproductive organs, including mammary glands. Disturbances in thyroid functional activity during early ontogenesis may lead to structural and developmental abnormalities in hormonally dependent tissues. The present study investigates morphological features of mammary gland differentiation in rat offspring under conditions of impaired thyroid gland functional activity. Particular attention was devoted to histological organization, epithelial differentiation, stromal development, and morphometric characteristics of mammary gland structures under hypothyroid conditions. The obtained results demonstrated that thyroid dysfunction significantly affects structural maturation and differentiation processes of mammary gland tissues. Histological analysis revealed delayed epithelial development, reduced alveolar formation, stromal disorganization, vascular alterations, and decreased proliferative activity in experimental animals with impaired thyroid function
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