The Role of Gut Microbiota in Human Immunity and Metabolic Health: A Systematic Review
Keywords:
Gut microbiota, immune system, metabolism, probioticsAbstract
The human gastrointestinal tract hosts trillions of microorganisms collectively known as the gut microbiota. These microbial communities play a fundamental role in regulating immune responses, metabolic pathways, and overall human health. Recent advances in metagenomic sequencing and microbiome research have revealed strong associations between gut microbiota composition and several chronic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and autoimmune disorders. This review synthesizes current literature to examine the relationship between gut microbiota and immune regulation, metabolic health, and disease prevention. It also discusses emerging therapeutic strategies such as probiotics, prebiotics, dietary interventions, and fecal microbiota transplantation. Understanding these complex interactions may provide new avenues for disease prevention and personalized medicine
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